Bordetella, Francisella, and Brucella

BORDETELLA:

• Extremely small
  
• Strictly aerobic
  
• Nonfermentative
  
• Gram-negative coccobacilli
  
• Non-motile
  
• Doesn't ferement CH, oxidizes amino-acids
  
• Nicotinamide required for growth
  
• B. pertussis doesn't grow on common media
  
• 3 species:
  
  • B. pertussis: pertussis
    
  • B. parapaertussis: pertussis
    
  • B. bronchiseptica: beonchopulmonary disease
    

FRANCISELLA TULARENSIS:

• Causes Tularemia(glandular fever, rabbit fever, tick fever, and deer fly fever)
  
• Very small, gram-negative coccobacilli
  
• Nonmotile
  
• Fastidious growth requirements: cysteine
  
• Striclty aerobic
  
• Intracellular parasite
  
• Most common reservoir in the US: rabbits, ticks, and muskrats
  
• Most common in MO, AR, and OK
  
• Summer and winter time +++
  
• Different presentations:
  
  • Ulceroglandular
    
  • Oculoglandular
    
  • Glandular
    
  • Typhoidal
    
  • Oropharyngeal
    
  • Pneumonic
    
  • Gastrointestinal
    
• Trt: Streptomycin
  

BRUCELLA:

• 4 causes human Brucellosis: B. abortus, B. melitensis, B. suis, and B. canis
  
• Small, non-motile, nonencapsulated, gram-negative coccobacilli
  
• Strictly aerobic
  
• Grows slowly